References
- Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions. Guidelines for healthcare providers. London, 2008, 50pp.
- Simons, F.E. et al. World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2011; 127:587-593.
- Simons, F.E.R., Roberts, J.R., Gu, X., and Simons, K.J., Epinephrine absorption in children with a history of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1998. 101: p. 33-7.
- Simons, F.E.R., Gu, X., and Simons, K.J.,Epinephrine absorption in adults: Intramuscular versus subcutaneous injection. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2001. 108: p. 871-3.
- Epipen 300 SmPC and Epipen Jr SmPC
- Jext 300 SmPC and Jext 150 SmPC
- Stecher, D., Bulloch, B., Sales, J., Schaefer, C., and Keahey, L. , Epinephrine auto-injectors: Is needle length adequate for delivery of epinephrine intramuscularly? Pediatrics, 2009. 124: p. 65-70.
- Bewick, D.C., Wright, N.B., Pumphrey, R.S., Arkwright, P.D. Anatomic and anthropometric determinants of intramuscular versus subcutaneous administration in children with epinephrine autoinjectors. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 2013; 1(6):692-4.
- Song, T.T., Nelson, M.R., Chang, J.H., Engler, R.J.M., and Chowdhury, B.A., Adequacy of the epinephrine autoinjector needle length in delivering epinephrine to the intramuscular tissues. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2005. 94: p. 539-42.
- Bhalla, M.C., Gable, B.D., Frey, J.A., Reichenbach, M.R., Wilber, S.T. Predictors of epinephrine autoinjector needle length inadequacy.Am J Emerg Med, 2013 (in press, available on line).
- Hobbins S, Johnstone J, O’Hickey S. Subcutaneous tissue precludes intramuscular injection in the majority of patients prescribed epinephrine auto injectors, EAACI 2014, p 698YY.
- Knibb, R.C., Morton, K. Accuracy in use of adrenaline auto-injectors in a simulated emergency situation: a comparison of JEXT, EpiPen and Emerade. Clin Trans Allergy, 2015; 5(Suppl3):O5
- Knibb, R., Morton, K. Preference for adrenalin auto-injector for use in an emergency situation by non-allergic adults: A comparison of Jext, EpiPen, Emerade and Auvi-Q. BSACI Annual Meeting 2014.
- Svenska Föreningen för Allergologi (SFFA). Anafylaxi. Rekommendationer för omhändertagande och behandling. Rev 2015.
- BNF/NICE
- Emerade 500 SmPC, Emerade 300 SmPC and Emerade 150 SmPC
- Turner, P.J., Patel, N., Isaacs, E., Duca, B., Mohammed, H., Nagaratnam, N., Donovan, J. Safety and pharmacokinetics of 0,3 mg / 0,5 mg epinephrine injection by autoinjector in food-allergic teenagers: A randomized cross-over trial. 2020 AAAAI Annual Meeting; P019., 2020.