Emergency aid for anaphylaxis adrenaline tartrate 150, 300, 500 mcg
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References

  1. Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions. Guidelines for healthcare providers. London, 2008, 50pp.
  2. Simons, F.E. et al. World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2011; 127:587-593.
  3. Simons, F.E.R., Roberts, J.R., Gu, X., and Simons, K.J., Epinephrine absorption in children with a history of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1998. 101: p. 33-7.
  4. Simons, F.E.R., Gu, X., and Simons, K.J.,Epinephrine absorption in adults: Intramuscular versus subcutaneous injection. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2001. 108: p. 871-3.
  5. Epipen 300 SmPC and Epipen Jr SmPC
  6. Jext 300 SmPC and Jext 150 SmPC
  7. Stecher, D., Bulloch, B., Sales, J., Schaefer, C., and Keahey, L. , Epinephrine auto-injectors: Is needle length adequate for delivery of epinephrine intramuscularly? Pediatrics, 2009. 124: p. 65-70.
  8. Bewick, D.C., Wright, N.B., Pumphrey, R.S., Arkwright, P.D. Anatomic and anthropometric determinants of intramuscular versus subcutaneous administration in children with epinephrine autoinjectors. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 2013; 1(6):692-4.
  9. Song, T.T., Nelson, M.R., Chang, J.H., Engler, R.J.M., and Chowdhury, B.A., Adequacy of the epinephrine autoinjector needle length in delivering epinephrine to the intramuscular tissues. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2005. 94: p. 539-42.
  10. Bhalla, M.C., Gable, B.D., Frey, J.A., Reichenbach, M.R., Wilber, S.T. Predictors of epinephrine autoinjector needle length inadequacy.Am J Emerg Med, 2013 (in press, available on line).
  11. Hobbins S, Johnstone J, O’Hickey S. Subcutaneous tissue precludes intramuscular injection in the majority of patients prescribed epinephrine auto injectors, EAACI 2014, p 698YY.
  12. Knibb, R.C., Morton, K. Accuracy in use of adrenaline auto-injectors in a simulated emergency situation: a comparison of JEXT, EpiPen and Emerade. Clin Trans Allergy, 2015; 5(Suppl3):O5
  13. Knibb, R., Morton, K. Preference for adrenalin auto-injector for use in an emergency situation by non-allergic adults: A comparison of Jext, EpiPen, Emerade and Auvi-Q. BSACI Annual Meeting 2014.
  14. Svenska Föreningen för Allergologi (SFFA). Anafylaxi. Rekommendationer för omhändertagande och behandling. Rev 2015.
  15. BNF/NICE
  16. Emerade 500 SmPC, Emerade 300 SmPC and Emerade 150 SmPC
  17. Turner, P.J., Patel, N., Isaacs, E., Duca, B., Mohammed, H., Nagaratnam, N., Donovan, J. Safety and pharmacokinetics of 0,3 mg / 0,5 mg epinephrine injection by autoinjector in food-allergic teenagers: A randomized cross-over trial. 2020 AAAAI Annual Meeting; P019., 2020.